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[NeurIPS 2026 Oral] DORA: Can LLM Agents Respond to Disasters? Benchmarking Heterogeneous Geospatial Reasoning in Emergency Operations

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What's in it

Data offered docs-verified
515 expert-authored disaster-response tasks (45 events, 10 disaster types) · optical, SAR and multi-spectral imagery (single-, bi- and multi-temporal) · DEM, slope, land surface temperature and social vector layers (POIs, road networks, population, facility footprints) · 108-tool MCP library (perception, raster, vector, logical, visualization, summarization) · gold tool-call trajectories and structured final answers
Coverage docs-verified
45 disaster events across 5 continents
Resolution docs-verified
0.015–10 m GSD for imagery; temporal resolution not stated
Formats docs-verified
JSON (task meta files and records) · raster .tif files (GeoTIFF-style, inferred from filenames) · JSON-RPC over MCP
Access docs-verified
Code: Apache-2.0 (open source). Dataset: Hugging Face gated; access form is granted automatically, then hf auth login with a Read token. Dataset not yet released. Agent runs need an LLM API key (GOOGLE_API_KEY, OPENAI_API_KEY, AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY or OPENROUTER_API_KEY).

Useful for

Use cases llm-inferred
Check whether an LLM agent can produce building-damage counts and areas from pre- and post-event imagery before relying on it for an emergency-response job · Use the raster and vector tool chain (e.g. ras.vectorize, vec.intersect) as a reference for building footprint and damage-area pipelines · Stress-test agent tool selection and argument grounding on multi-step GIS workflows (average 3.35 to 11.96 steps per task)
Audience llm-inferred
GIS analysts · AI/ML engineers evaluating geospatial agents · emergency-management and disaster-response analysts · flood risk and resilience consultants (indirect use)

Limitations

Constraints llm-inferred
Tasks, source layers and perception checkpoints are not yet released ('coming soon'), so the benchmark data cannot be downloaded · Hugging Face dataset is gated: access form plus a Read token required · Perception tools want a CUDA GPU with 12 GB or more; CPU fallback is slow · Agent runs need third-party LLM API keys; this is an evaluation benchmark and tool library, not a hosted data API · Protocols and data are global disaster-response standards (UNOSAT, Copernicus EMS, FEMA, UN OCHA); no UK-specific coverage · Research code with maintenance risk; v1.1 corrected specs and changed scores, so earlier published numbers may shift · Docs are inconsistent: the tool table lists seg.building_damage but the example trajectory calls seg.building_damage_opt_sar · Pinned environment (Python 3.11, PyTorch 2.11 cu128 wheels) installed from source with pip install -e .

Example tool calls docs-verified

Vectorise the totally-destroyed class (3) from a building-damage mask at 0.8 m pixel size, as in the docs' simplified example trajectory.

{
  "tool": "ras.vectorize",
  "arguments": {
    "mask_path": "la_palma_volcano_00000516_building_damage.tif",
    "classes": [
      3
    ],
    "pixel_size_m": 0.8
  }
}
Licence
Apache-2.0
Authentication
API key via env: AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY, GOOGLE_API_KEY, OPENAI_API_KEY, OPENROUTER_API_KEY (auto-extracted from README)
GitHub stars
34
Last commit
13/10/2026
Last successful page check
14/10/2026
Page health
healthy
Package
pypi:torch
Verification
Not independently verified

Auto-extracted, unverified fields: tools, install, auth. Check upstream documentation.

Provenance & evidence

Daily discovery 2026-10-15: GitHub search; verified via GitHub API. Tools/install/auth auto-extracted from README.

Metadata observed 14/10/2026 · daily-2026-10-15 (github-search)